Citing this Website

If you decide to use information from this online project in your book, article, essay, or classroom, please remember to cite.

Spiker, Christina M. Mapping Isabella Bird: Geolocation & Unbeaten Tracks in Japan (1880). http://mapping.cmspiker.com/japan/ (accessed February 1, 2018).

Academic References on Isabella Bird in Japan

Adair, Gigi, "The “Feringhi Hakīm”: medical encounters and colonial ambivalence in Isabella Bird’s travels in Japan and Persia," Studies in Travel Writing 21, issue 1 (2017): 63-75.

Clark, Steve, "'Isabella Bird, Rudyard Kipling, and the “bandobast” of East Asian travel," Studies in Travel Writing 21, issue 1 (2017): 76-91.

Elliott, Andrew, "'A perspective close to our own': footsteps travel and the Japanese reception of Isabella Bird’s Unbeaten Tracks in Japan, 1996–2016," Studies in Travel Writing 21, issue 1 (2017): 92-107.

Elliott, Andrew. “’It is Japan, but yet there is a difference somehow’: Editorial Change and Yezo in Isabella Bird's Unbeaten Tracks in Japan,” Journeys 9, no. 1 (2008): 1–20.

Gartlan, Luke. “A Complete Craze: Isabella Bird Bishop in East Asia,”PhotoResearcher, no. 15 (April 2011): 13–26.

Holt, Jenny, "Distressed micropsia: size distortion and psychological disturbance in Isabella Bird’s Unbeaten Tracks and in subsequent travel writing on Japan, 1880–1900," Studies in Travel Writing 21, issue 1 (2017): 47-62.

Kanasaka, Kiyonori. Isabella Bird and Japan: A Reassessment. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 2016.

Kumojima, Tomoe, "'A strange thrill': Isabella Bird and the fugitive community of travellers," Studies in Travel Writing 21, issue 1 (2017): 33-46.

Park, Jihang. “Land of the Morning Calm, Land of the Rising Sun: The East Asia Travel Writings of Isabella Bird and George Curzon,” Modern Asian Studies 36, no. 3 (2002): 513–534.

McAdams, Elizabeth. “Isabella Bird and Japonisme Travel Writing: Common Interests,” English Literature in Transition, 1880 – 1920 57, no. 4 (2014): 480–496.

Spiker, Christina. “‘Civilized’ Men and ‘Superstitious’ Women: Visualizing the Hokkaido Ainu in Isabella Bird’s Unbeaten Tracks, 1880,” in Gender, Continuity, and the Shaping of Modernity in the Arts of East Asia, 16^th–20th Centuries, eds. Lara Blanchard and Kristen Chiem (Leiden: Brill, 2017)

Williams, Lawrence, "'Like the ladies of Europe'? Female emancipation and the 'scale of civilisation' in women’s writing on Japan, 1840–1880," Studies in Travel Writing 21, issue 1 (2017): 17-32.

Williams, Lawrence and Steve Clark, "Isabella Bird, Victorian globalism, and Unbeaten Tracks in Japan (1880)," Studies in Travel Writing 21, issue 1 (2017): 1-16.

Academic & General References on Ainu Culture

Ainu Museum at Shiraoi's Poroto Kotan (English & Japanese)

Ainu: Spirit of a Northern People. Eds. William W. Fitzhugh and Chisato Dubreuil. Washington D.C.: Arctic Studies Center, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution in association with University of Washington Press, 1999.

Beyond Ainu Studies: Changing Academic and Public Perspectives. Eds. Mark J. Hudson, anne-elise lewallen, Mark Watson. Honolulu : University of Hawai'i Press, 2014.

The Foundation for Research and Promotion of Ainu Culture (FRPAC) (English & Japanese)

Hokkaido University Center for Ainu & Indigenous Studies (English & Japanese)

Irankarapte (Japanese)

Kreiner, Josef. "Changing Images: Japan and the Ainu as Perceived by Europe," in Rethinking Japan: Social sciences, Ideology & Thought. Eds. Adriana Boscaro, Franco Gatti, and Massimo Raveri. London: Curzon Press, 2003 (Reprint).

Nibutani Ainu: Takumi no Michi (English & Japanese)

Stevens, Georgina, "More Than Paper: Protecting Ainu Culture and Influencing Japanese Dam Development," Cultural Survival Quarterly Magazine (December 2004).