Original Source: Isabella Bird, Unbeaten Tracks in Japan, Ainos of Yezo (Frontispiece), 1880. Illustration, wood engraving.
Discussed in the following chapter: Spiker, Christina M. “‘Civilized’ Men and ‘Superstitious’ Women: Visualizing the Hokkaido Ainu in Isabella Bird’s Unbeaten Tracks, 1880.” In Gender, Continuity, and the Shaping of Modernity in the Arts of East Asia, 16th–20th Centuries, edited by Lara Blanchard and Kristen Chiem, 287-315. Leiden: Brill, 2017.